These two types of flow are similar in many ways but differ in one important respect. For general engineering purpose, the flow in a round pipe laminar r 2100 e transitional turbulent r e4000 10. This website is offering pipe flow calculators for everyday problemsolving in the field of fluid dynamics. Open channel flow made easy gate handwritten notes pdf download for free at civilenggforall please note. Fundamentals of fluid mechanicsfluid mechanics chapter 8 pipe. Fluid flow is a part of fluid mechanics and deals with fluid dynamics.
Pdf in this work, various parameters for laminar flow of a given incompressible. As the quantity of the liquid flows through the pipe, there will be a frictional resistance. Your browser does not currently recognize any of the video formats available. Apart from these applications, the following specialized topics that are. Open channel flow made easy gate handwritten notes pdf download liquids are transported from one location to another using natural or constructed conveyance structures. For pipes connected in parallel the pressure loss is the same in all pipes. Explain and solve problems involving laminar flow though pipes and. Intro to fluid flow dublin institute of technology. The major loss is that due to frictional resistance of the. Liquid moving through pipes carries momentum and energy due to the forces acting upon it. Gravity flow water systems practical design notes for simple rural water systems contents pagec 1 introduction 2.
Introduction to boundary layer, boundary layer thickness, karmans momentum integral theory, drag on a flat plate for laminar and turbulent flow, drag on immersed bodies. This motion continues as long as unbalanced forces are applied. It is calculated from an abascus, knowing the hopper discharge angle calculated in step 2. Fluid statics, kinematics of fluid, conservation equations and analysis of finite control volume, equations of motion and mechanical energy, principles of physical similarity and dimensional analysis, flow of ideal fluids viscous incompressible flows, laminar boundary layers, turbulent flow, applications of viscous flows. Liquid moving through pipes carries momentum and energy due to the forces acting upon it such as pressure and gravity. Pipe flows, fittings and friction factor charts, 2.
Flow between parallel plates, flow through long tubes, flow through inclined tubes. Pipeline fluid flow an overview sciencedirect topics. Som, department of mechanical engineering, iitkharagpur. Application of viscous flow through pipes partii lecture 35. Pvn constant we know that gain in kinetic energy v 22 2 heat. Determine a the head determine a the head loss and b the pressure drop if the pipe slopes down at 10 in the. Flow measurement and instrumentation is dedicated to disseminating the latest research results on all aspects of flow measurement, in both closed conduits and open channels. Studies will be made on how to express losses caused by a change in the cross. Flow measurement and instrumentation journal elsevier. The other type of flow within a conduit is pipe flow. Minor losses in pipe flow are a major part in calculating the flow, pressure, or energy reduction in piping systems. There are many types of losses of head for flowing liquids such as friction, inlet and outlet losses. Subject fluid mechanics topic module 5 fluid flow flow through pipes part 1 lecture 43 faculty venugopal sharma gate. The h parameter is used in the formula to calculate the critical outlet diameter to prevent arching.
Have a deeper understanding of laminar and turbulent flow in pipes and the analysis of fully developed flow calculate the major and minor losses associated with pipe flow in piping networks and. Water is flowing through a 5 m long circular pipe of diameter 0. Consider the part of pipe of length l between sections 11 and 22. Lecture series on applied thermodynamics for marine systems by prof. Chapter 7 flow through pipes 71 friction losses of head in pipes 72 secondary losses of head in pipes 73 flow through pipe systems 71 friction losses of head in pipes. Easily calculate the volumetric flow rate of a pipe a. Flow through pipes when the fluid flows through the pipes two types of losses will occur minor losses. What is the equation for pressure drop in fluid flow.
Download fluid mechanics by nptel download free online book chm pdf. Open channel flow made easy gate handwritten notes pdf. It involves the motion of a fluid subjected to unbalanced forces. Pipe flows indian institute of technology guwahati. Q discharge in cfs c coefficient of discharge from handbook of hydraulics, king and brater, 5th.
Openchannel flow, a branch of hydraulics and fluid mechanics, is a type of liquid flow within a conduit with a free surface, known as a channel. Flow through pipes study notes for civil engineering. Forced flow through the annulus between concentric round tubes of different diameters 4. For pipes connected in series the pressure loss is the sum of the individual losses. Object determination of darcyweisbach friction coefficient f for two given pipes.
Flow past flat plate i method of blasius lecture 27. Open channel flow notes for civil engineering gradeup. Sixteen desktop calculators, fourteen calculators as the web application, three calculators for android. For example, if you are pouring water from a mug, the velocity of water is very. The flow through a weir, q, is described by the weir equation. Nptel provides elearning through online web and video courses various streams. Open channel flow made easy gate handwritten notes pdf download. This dimensionless form has been adopted by most measurement programs. The pressure drop in compressed air lines can be calculated with the empirical formula.
Orifices are analyzed using the following equation. Introduction to pipe flow measurement the process piping. Flow through pipes study notes for civil engineering gradeup. Mod33 lec33 application of viscousflow through pipes part i. Fluid statics, kinematics of fluid, conservation equations and analysis of finite control volume, equations of motion and mechanical. Fluid mechanics module 5 fluid flow flow through pipes. Flow, applications of viscous flows through pipes and compressible flow. Chakraborty,department of mechanical engineering,iit kharagpur. Pipe flow measurement is often done with a differential pressure flow meter like the orifice, flow nozzle, and ventruri meter.
Describing a fluid flow quantitatively makes it necessary to assume that flow variables. Apr 08, 2010 lecture series on applied thermodynamics for marine systems by prof. Sixteen desktop calculators, fourteen calculators as the web application, three calculators for android smartphones are available at the moment. The flow rate calculator can also calculate the mass flow rate of liquids given the liquid density is known. Flow near rough and smooth walls may be laminar or turbulent or an unsteady mix of both depending on the speci. Studies will be made on how to express losses caused by a change in the cross sectional area of a pipe, a pipe bend and a valve, in addition to the frictional loss of a pipe. Flow through pipes characteristics of flow through pipes energy head losses in flow through pipes major losses such as loss of head due to friction darcy wisbach formula minor losses such as loss of head at entry, change in diameter, bend etc. Flow through pipes characteristics of flow through pipes energy head losses in flow through pipes major losses such as loss of head due to friction darcy wisbach. Basics equations for fluid flow the continuity equation q v. The cross section of these structures may be open or closed at the top. Orifices an orifice is a submerged opening with a closed perimeter through which water flows. Laws of fluid friction darcys equation, minor losses pipes in series. Subject fluid mechanics topic module 5 fluid flow flow through pipes part 2 lecture 45 faculty venugopal sharma gate academy plus is an effort to initiate free online digital. Pdf analysis of velocity profile for laminar flow in a round pipe.
In refrigeration and airconditioning systems various fluids such as air, water and refrigerants flow through pipes and ducts. Pipeline design, 5 summary of suggested design guidelines 19 l 1 3 6 11 2 5 10 18 appendices a. Fluid transportation pumps, compressors and valves, 5. We remark that this is one of the main features of the current lectures that is not present in usual treatments. Fluids such as gases and liquids in motion are called fluid flow. Indication of laminar or turbulent flow the term fl tflowrate shldbhould be e reprepldbr ldlaced by reynolds number,where v is the average velocity in the pipe, and l is the characteristic dimension of. The pressure drop can be measured and correlated with flow rate. The design of flow measurement systems involves a wide variety of multidisciplinary activities including modelling the flow sensor.
The flow of steam, through the nozzle is isentropic, which is represented by the general law. Lec16 pipe friction, major loss, minor loss youtube. With every calculator, you can read the full theoretical explanation and check calculation. Lectures in computational fluid dynamics of incompressible flow. Nptel syllabus fluid mechanics video course course outline properties of fluids and fundamental concepts, fluid statics and its applications, kinematics. The visualization of the fluidflow problems will be demonstrated to enhance students interest on the subject. Loss of head due to friction where, l length of pipe, v mean velocity of flow. Flow rate calculator calculate the flow rate of a pipe. Introduction to fluid mechanics and fluid engineering by prof. Unit 4 flow through nozzles velocity and heat drop, mass discharge through a nozzle, critical pressure ratio and its significance, effect of friction, nozzle efficiency, supersaturated flow, design pressure ratio.
Aug 16, 2018 subject fluid mechanics topic module 5 fluid flow flow through pipes part 1 lecture 43 faculty venugopal sharma gate academy plus is an effort to initiate free online digital. Just as certain aspects of the system can increase the fluids energy, there are components of the system that. Let us consider a solid cylinder of fluid, of radius r flowing in laminar condition with a velocity v inside a hollow cylindrical pipe of radius r. Fluid flow definition and types fluid flow rate examples. Fluid mechanics pdf notes fm pdf notes smartzworld. The discharge through the main is increased by connecting pipes in parallelthe rate of flow in the main pipe is equal to the sum of rate of flow through branch pipes. Flow through beds of solids, motion of particles through the fluid, particle settling. Hence, there occur variation in depth of flow and thus, variation in. Consider a liquid flowing fully through a pipe of diameter d. Application of viscous flow through pipes partiii module. Laws of fluid friction darcys equation, minor losses pipes in series pipes in parallel total energy line and hydraulic gradient line. Fluid mechanics by nptel download book free book centre. Many factors affect the head loss in pipes, the viscosity of the fluid being handled, the size of the pipes, the roughness of the internal surface of the pipes, the changes in. Part 1 basic principles of fluid mechanics and physical.
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